#+STARTUP: indent
#+LANGUAGE: us
#+TITLE: Linux Training
#+AUTHOR: Fabio Berton

* Dica de ouro: USAR TAB
* Navegação
** Emacs keybinds
- https://readline.kablamo.org/emacs.html
** Vi Keybinds
- http://www.viemu.com/vi-vim-cheat-sheet.gif
* Pedindo por ajuda
** Manual de comandos
#+BEGIN_SRC shell
  man COMMAND
#+END_SRC

** Descricao de um comando:
#+BEGIN_SRC shell
  whatis COMMAND
#+END_SRC

** Alternativa para Help:
#+BEGIN_SRC shell
  tldr COMMAND
#+END_SRC

** Coringas:
#+BEGIN_SRC shell
  ,*
  ?
  []
  {}
#+END_SRC

** Informacoes adicionais:

https://tldp.org/LDP/GNU-Linux-Tools-Summary/html/x11655.htm

* Gerenciamento de arquivos e diretorios (pasta eh no Windows)
** Criar diretório
#+BEGIN_SRC shell
  mkdir -p
#+END_SRC

_DICA:_ Criar um diretorio e entrar nele:
#+BEGIN_SRC shell
  mkdir foo && cd "$_"
#+END_SRC

** Remover diretório
#+BEGIN_SRC shell
  rm FILE
  rm -r FILE/DIR
  rm -rf FILE/DIR
#+END_SRC

Esta com duvida? Lembre-se que shell nao tem lixeira!
#+BEGIN_SRC shell
  rm -i FILE
#+END_SRC

** Listar diretorio
#+BEGIN_SRC shell
  ls PATH
  ls -a PATH
  ls -ls PATH
  ls -la PATH
  ls PATH | less
#+END_SRC

** Mudar de diretorio
#+BEGIN_SRC shell
  cd PATH
  cd ~
  cd ../../../../
  cd -
#+END_SRC

***  Salvar um caminho na pilha
#+BEGIN_SRC shell
  pushd caminho
  popd
#+END_SRC

** Onde estou?
#+BEGIN_SRC shell
  pwd
#+END_SRC

** Copiar arquivos e diretorios
#+BEGIN_SRC shell
  cp
  cp -r
#+END_SRC

Pode ser utilizado ~\~ como separador para copiar arquivos com espaco

** Mover arquivos e diretorios
#+BEGIN_SRC shell
  mv
#+END_SRC

** Criar modificar arquivos
#+BEGIN_SRC shell
  touch FILE
  > FILE
#+END_SRC

** Busca de arquivos, diretórios e historico de comandos
#+BEGIN_SRC shell
  find -name FILE /PATH
#+END_SRC
- https://www.tecmint.com/35-practical-examples-of-linux-find-command/
- https://danielmiessler.com/study/find/

** find mais amigável
*** https://github.com/junegunn/fzf

** grep e git grep
#+BEGIN_SRC shell
  grep EXPR ARQ
  grep -r foo bar.txt
  grep -i foo bar.txt
#+END_SRC

- https://ryanstutorials.net/linuxtutorial/cheatsheetgrep.php

* Encontrar caminho do comando
#+BEGIN_SRC shell
  which COMMAND
#+END_SRC

* bg fg
* Pesquisar no historico
Ctrl-r
Usando fzf

* Visualizar arquivos e diretorios
** Ler o conteudo de um arquivo
#+BEGIN_SRC shell
  cat FILE
  less FILE
#+END_SRC

** Ler o inicio de um arquivo
#+BEGIN_SRC shell
  head FILE
  head -n 2 FILE
#+END_SRC

** Ler o final de um arquivo
#+BEGIN_SRC shell
  tail FILE
  tail -n 2 FILE
  tail -f FILE
#+END_SRC

** Visualizar como uma arvore
#+BEGIN_SRC shell
  tree PATH
  tree -L 2 PATH
#+END_SRC

** xdg
https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/XDG_user_directories
#+BEGIN_SRC shell
  xdg-open FILE.pdf
#+END_SRC

** Executar mais de um comando por vez
#+BEGIN_SRC shell
  &&
  ;
#+END_SRC

** Redirecionador de comandos
** Ler as mensagens do kernel
#+BEGIN_SRC shell
  dmesg
  dmesg -w
#+END_SRC

* Compactadores
** tar:
-c cria
-t lista
-x extrai

*** tar: criar pacote
#+BEGIN_SRC shell
  tar -cvf package.tar dir
#+END_SRC

*** tar: listar arquivos em um pacote
#+BEGIN_SRC shell
  tar -tvf file.tar
#+END_SRC

*** tar: extrair pacote
#+BEGIN_SRC shell
  tar -xvf file.tar.gz
  tar -xvf file.tar.gz -C path
#+END_SRC

*** Compactar gz
#+BEGIN_SRC shell
  tar -cvzf file.tar.gz dir
#+END_SRC

*** Compactar bz2
#+BEGIN_SRC shell
  tar -cvjf file.tar.bz2 dir
#+END_SRC

** gzip gunzip zcat
#+BEGIN_SRC shell
  gunzip file.gz
  gzip file.txt
  zcat file.txt.gz
#+END_SRC

** zip unzip
#+BEGIN_SRC shell
  zip -r arquivo.zip caminho
  unzip arquivo.zip
#+END_SRC

* Comandos de rede
wget para baixar arquivos
curl eh muito utilizado para desenvolvimento
axel para arquivos grandes, eh bem rapido o donwload

** SSH acessando um host remoto e copiando arquivos
#+BEGIN_SRC shell
  ssh user@address
  scp file user@address
  scp -r dir user@address
#+END_SRC

* Tmux
** General Informations
https://github.com/tmux/tmux/wiki
https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Tmux
** Sane settings
Add the follow settings to ~~/.tmux.conf~ file
#+BEGIN_SRC shell
  # Setting the prefix from C-b to C-a
  set -g prefix C-a
  unbind C-b
  bind-key a last-window
  bind C-a send-prefix

  # Setting the delay between prefix and command
  set -s escape-time 0
  set-option -g repeat-time 1000

  # Scrollback buffer number of lines
  set -g history-limit 10000

  # Set the default terminal mode to 256color mode
  set -g default-terminal "screen-256color"

  # Refresh 'status-left' and 'status-right' more often
  set -g status-interval 5

  # tmux messages are displayed for 3 seconds
  set -g display-time 3000

  # Super useful when using "grouped sessions" and multi-monitor setup
  setw -g aggressive-resize on

  # Focus events enabled for terminals that support them
  set -g focus-events on

  # Renumber windows sequentially after closing any of them.
  set -g renumber-windows on

  # Set the base index for windows to 1 instead of 0
  set -g base-index 1

  # Set the base index for panes to 1 instead of 0
  setw -g pane-base-index 1

  # Enable emacs mode
  set -g status-keys emacs

  # Display mouse off
  set -g mouse off

  # Easier and faster switching between next/prev window
  bind C-p previous-window
  bind C-n next-window

  # Enable clipboard
  set -g set-clipboard on

  # Enable xterm-keys in your tmux configuration
  setw -g xterm-keys on

  # Key bindings for horizontal and vertical panes
  unbind %
  bind | split-window -h -c "#{pane_current_path}"
  bind - split-window -v -c "#{pane_current_path}"

  # Swap Window
  bind-key -r "<" swap-window -t -1
  bind-key -r ">" swap-window -t +1

  # Moving between panes
  bind h select-pane -L
  bind j select-pane -D
  bind k select-pane -U
  bind l select-pane -R

  # Resize pane
  bind -r H resize-pane -L 3
  bind -r J resize-pane -D 3
  bind -r K resize-pane -U 3
  bind -r L resize-pane -R 3

  # Open new window and new panel at current directory
  bind C new-window -c "#{pane_current_path}"

  # Preview sessions in zoom mode
  set-hook -g pane-mode-changed 'if -F "#{||:#{&&:#{pane_in_mode},#{&&:#{pane_in_mode},#{!=:#{pane_mode},copy-mode}}},#{&&:#{?pane_in_mode,0,1},#{window_zoomed_flag}}}" "resizep -Z"'

  # Reload the file with Prefix r
  bind r source-file ~/.tmux.conf \; display "Reloaded!"

  ### Status Bar confs
  #
  # Disable activity alerts
  setw -g monitor-activity off
  set -g visual-activity off

  # Set pane colors - hilight the active pane
  set -g pane-border-style fg=colour235
  set -g pane-active-border-style fg=colour240

  # colorize messages in the command line
  set -g message-style fg=brightred,bg=black

  # Status Bar
  set -g status on
  set -g status-justify centre

  # Set color for status bar
  set -g status-bg colour0
  set -g status-fg yellow

  # Set window list colors - red for active and cyan for inactive
  # set-window-option -g window-status-style fg=brightblue
  # set-window-option -g window-status-style bg=colour0
  set-window-option -g window-status-style dim

  # set-window-option -g window-status-current-style fg=brightred
  # set-window-option -g window-status-current-style bg=colour0
  set-window-option -g window-status-current-style bright

  # Status bar left
  set -g status-left-length 40
  set -g status-left "#[fg=green] #S :: #I - #P "

  # Status bar rigth
  set -g status-right-length 40
  set -g status-right "#{prefix_highlight} #[fg=green] %R :: #H "
#+END_SRC

** Cheat Sheet
*** Start new tmux:
tmux new -s NAME

*** Attach a session:
tmux attach -t NAME

*** List sessions:
tmux ls

*** Kill session:
tmux kill-session -t NAME

*** Sessions
:new<CR>  new session
s  list sessions
$  name session

*** Windows (tabs)
c  create window
w  list windows
n  next window
p  previous window
f  find window
,  name window
&  kill window

*** Panes (splits)
|  vertical split
-  horizontal split

  o  swap panes
  q  show pane numbers
  x  kill pane
  +  break pane into window (e.g. to select text by mouse to copy)
  -  restore pane from window
    ⍽  space - toggle between layouts
    <prefix> q Show pane numbers
    <prefix> z toggle pane zoom
    PREFIX : resize-pane -J (Resizes the current pane down)
    PREFIX : resize-pane -K (Resizes the current pane upward)
    PREFIX : resize-pane -H (Resizes the current pane left)
    PREFIX : resize-pane -L (Resizes the current pane right)

*** Copy mode:
Enter Copy Mode         [

Clear selection         C-g
Copy selection          M-w
In copy mode use Emacs keys to navigate

***  Misc
d  detach
t  big clock
?  list shortcuts
:  prompt